Hoan Kiem Lake, located in the heart of Hanoi, is not only a picturesque landscape but also a vibrant symbol of the culture and history of the thousand-year-old city. In this article, we will explore the prominent aspects of Hoan Kiem Lake, from its cultural and historical significance to its role in modern life.
1. Overview of Hoan Kiem Lake
Situated on Hang Trong Street, Hoan Kiem District, Hoan Kiem Lake is not only a place for relaxation but also an ideal location for discovering famous landmarks and exploring the unique cultural features of the surrounding Old Quarter. Located at the center of Hanoi, Hoan Kiem Lake is often referred to as a sparkling emerald, attracting visitors with its tranquil beauty and profound historical and cultural value. Covering an area of about 12 hectares, the lake is surrounded by bustling ancient streets such as Hang Dao, Luong Van Can, and Hang Ngang, as well as modern areas like Trang Thi, Trang Tien, and Ba Trieu.
This prime location creates a perfect intersection of traditional and modern beauty in the capital. Hoan Kiem Lake has become an indispensable symbol of Hanoi, an attractive destination for both domestic and international visitors. As you walk around the lake, you will experience the fresh, cool atmosphere and admire the calm waters, reflecting the image of the ancient trees along its shore.
2. History and legend of Hoan Kiem Lake
Hoan Kiem Lake, formerly known as Luc Thuy Lake, has a characteristic emerald green color. During the feudal period, the lake was not only a beautiful sight but also a place where the king reviewed the navy, and it was also called the Navy Lake.
In the late 16th century, Lord Trinh divided the lake into two parts, which were called the Left and Right Hoan Kiem Lakes. However, the French colonial invasion in 1884 led to the filling of the Right Lake to expand the capital, leaving only the Left Lake, which is now known as Hoan Kiem Lake.
The name Hoan Kiem Lake appeared in the early 15th century and is associated with the legend of King Le Thai To and the Golden Turtle. According to the legend, King Le Loi (Le Thai To), during his resistance against the Ming army, happened to obtain the divine sword Thuan Thien, which was believed to have been gifted by the Dragon King. This sword helped him achieve victory and ascend to the throne in 1428.
One day, while boating on the Left Lake, the Golden Turtle appeared and asked the king to return the divine sword to the Dragon King. After returning the sword, the Golden Turtle disappeared. Since then, the lake has been named Hoan Kiem Lake, or Sword Lake, and this name has remained a part of its history until today.
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3. Notable destinations around Hoan Kiem Lake
3.1. Turtle Tower
Turtle Tower, an ancient structure located on Turtle Island in the middle of Hoan Kiem Lake, is an iconic symbol of Hanoi’s culture and history. The tower is designed in a rectangular shape with three levels, featuring several windows and a railing on the upper floor with intricate decorative details.
Rich in historical value, Turtle Tower is not only a timeless landmark but also an ideal stop for those seeking tranquility amidst the hustle and bustle of the city. The image of the tower, weathered by time, has become a symbol of Hanoi and appears in many romantic paintings of the capital, attracting both tourists and locals who come to admire its beauty.
3.2. Ngoc Son Temple
Ngoc Son Temple, located on Ngoc Island in the heart of Hoan Kiem Lake, is one of the most famous spiritual tourist attractions in Hanoi. Built in 1841, the temple honors the deities of Van Xuong De Quan and Tran Hung Dao, and it serves as a meeting point of the three major religions: Buddhism, Confucianism, and Taoism.
When visiting Ngoc Son Temple, visitors have the opportunity to admire the unique architecture of the Pen Tower – the Inclined Stele, the The Huc Bridge, and the two temple areas within. This location is not only an attractive sightseeing spot but also preserves many cultural and historical values of the capital. Particularly during festivals and holidays, visitors can immerse themselves in the vibrant atmosphere, pray for blessings and peace for themselves and their families, creating a meaningful spiritual experience.
3.3. The Huc Bridge
The Huc Bridge stands out in the lush green surroundings of Hoan Kiem Lake, connecting the lake’s shore to Ngoc Son Temple. With its striking red color and graceful, curved design resembling a silk ribbon, the bridge is not only a popular spot for photos but also carries profound significance.
Built to face the rising sun, the bridge symbolizes the welcoming of positive energy and light. Its color reflects life, joy, and happiness. Notably, the name “The Huc” is also likened to the “Bridge of the Sun God,” providing visitors with a sense of connection to the cultural and spiritual values of the capital.
3.4. Pen Tower – Inclined Stele
The Pen Tower and Inclined Stele, two unique architectural works, were built in 1865 at Ngoc Son Temple, on Ngoc Island in Hoan Kiem Lake, and have become prominent cultural symbols of Hanoi.
The Inclined Stele consists of three bases, supported by the backs of three frogs, with the stele’s body engraved with a 64-character Minh inscription, reflecting the philosophy and spirit of the people. Meanwhile, the Pen Tower, standing at 9 meters high, resembles a calligraphy brush, with the nib pointing straight to the sky, symbolizing the desire for learning and intellectual growth. Both structures not only reflect a reverence for a scholarly culture but also represent the pride of Vietnamese intelligence, enriching the historical and cultural value of Hoan Kiem Lake.
3.5. Hanoi Opera House
Located at August Revolution Square, the Hanoi Opera House is one of the iconic architectural landmarks of the capital, with a history spanning over 120 years. Built in a stunning neoclassical style, the building perfectly blends Baroque architectural elements characteristic of the contemporary period.
As the venue for many generations of artists, the Hanoi Opera House is not only a cultural destination but also a place to preserve and honor precious artistic values. Visitors who stroll around Hoan Kiem Lake can visit the Opera House to admire its architectural beauty, take photos, or purchase tickets to enjoy remarkable art performances.
Address: 01 Trang Tien, Phan Chu Trinh, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi City.
3.6. Old Quarter of Hanoi
Hoan Kiem Lake, a symbol of Hanoi, not only attracts visitors with its poetic beauty but also serves as an ideal starting point to explore the captivating Old Quarter. Upon arriving here, visitors should not forget to stroll through the narrow streets, where the ancient architecture reflects a part of the soul of the thousand-year-old capital.
The Old Quarter of Hanoi is not only a place that preserves cultural heritage but also a food paradise with a variety of specialty dishes. From pho, bun cha to nem ran, each dish is rich in the traditional flavors of the capital city.
Surrounded by prominent streets such as Hang Dau to the north, Hang Bong, Hang Gai, Cau Go, Hang Thung to the south, Phung Hung to the west, and Tran Nhat Duat, Tran Quang Khai to the east, the Old Quarter paints a diverse picture of history and culture. Additionally, the souvenir shops in the area are ideal stops for tourists to find distinctive gifts of Hanoi to bring home for friends and family.
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3.7. Thang Long water puppet theatre
Thang Long Water Puppet Theatre has become one of the top destinations to discover the traditional Vietnamese water puppetry art. Every day, the theatre hosts about six performances with meticulously crafted and distinctive acts.
After over 50 years of operation, the theatre has offered audiences thousands of performances across various genres, demonstrating continuous creativity. Notably, the theatre focuses on innovation in the arts while preserving and honoring the high cultural values of water puppetry, contributing to affirming the position of this unique art form in Vietnam’s cultural life.
Address: 57B Dinh Tien Hoang, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi
3.8. Ba Kieu Temple
Ba Kieu Temple, built during the Later Le period, is one of the famous female temples in Hanoi, divided into two parts: Tam Quan and the Main Temple. Also known as the Thien Tien Shrine, the temple is located in the northeast of Hoan Kiem Lake and is dedicated to Princess Lieu Hanh, along with the deities Que Hoa and Quynh Hoa.
With profound cultural and spiritual significance, Ba Kieu Temple attracts many locals and visitors who come to learn about the beliefs and cultural heritage of the nation. Every year, in the third lunar month, the Ba Kieu Temple Festival takes place, honoring the Goddess Ba Kieu and praying for prosperity and peace for all families. This is truly a must-visit destination for those who wish to explore the culture and spirituality of the capital.
Address: 59 Dinh Tien Hoang, Hang Trong Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi
3.9. Hoa Phong Tower
Hoa Phong Tower, located on the eastern bank of Hoan Kiem Lake, is one of the valuable ancient relics of Bao An Pagoda, which was destroyed by the French colonial government to build the post office. The tower, with its majestic three-story design and four-direction windows on the first floor, is not only a symbol of a glorious historical period of the nation but also a unique testament to the history, architecture, culture, and art of Vietnam.
With its ancient beauty, Hoa Phong Tower has become an ideal destination for travel and photography enthusiasts visiting Hoan Kiem Lake, enriching the cultural experience of tourists exploring the land of Thang Long – Hanoi.
3.10. Le Temple of the King
The Le Temple, located on the western shore of Hoan Kiem Lake, near Nam Huong Communal House, is an important structure commemorating King Le Thai To, the founder of the Le dynasty. Within the temple grounds, a statue of King Le Thai To stands firmly on a tall pedestal, holding a sword as if preparing to return the sword to the Golden Turtle in the lake, symbolizing a historic moment.
As one of the oldest monuments in the capital, the temple is not only known for its unique architecture but also holds profound historical and cultural significance, contributing to the ensemble of landmarks surrounding Hoan Kiem Lake. Additionally, the temple’s grounds, surrounded by numerous trees and inhabited by free-roaming pigeons, create a peaceful, serene atmosphere for visitors.
Address: 16 Le Thai To, Hang Trong Ward, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi
4. Discovering unique cuisine around Hoan Kiem Lake
4.1. Shark’s Fin Building
Located at the prime spot between Hang Dao Street and Cau Go Street, Shark’s Fin Building is not only an architectural highlight of the Hoan Kiem Lake area but also offers a breathtaking view of the picturesque Hoan Kiem Lake.
Inaugurated in 1993, Shark’s Fin Building was one of the first high-rise buildings in Hanoi, standing out with its unique geometric design. The building is likened to a giant “shark,” full of vitality, stretching out towards Hoan Kiem Lake, creating an impressive image in the heart of the capital. With a harmonious blend of modern and traditional elements, Shark’s Fin Building continues to attract more tourists and locals, affirming its position in the urban development of Hanoi.
4.2. To Tich Street
Located in the heart of Hanoi, To Tich Street has long been a familiar destination for those who love desserts, especially the popular mixed fruit and delicious yogurt. Along this small street, visitors can easily find a wide variety of tempting options for refreshing snacks.
Mixed fruit, the most favored dish during the hot summer days, combines the perfect balance of sweet-tart fresh fruit and finely shaved ice, creating an irresistible refreshing taste. Toppings such as jelly, tapioca pearls, or dried coconut further enhance the dish’s appeal.
Yogurt at To Tich Street is also a must-try. Made from fresh cow milk, the yogurt here is rich, smooth, and can be enjoyed with various toppings like fresh fruit, granola, or honey.
Besides mixed fruit and yogurt, To Tich Street also boasts several enticing sweet soups such as Thai dessert soup, pomelo soup, and durian soup, each offering its unique flavor and creating diverse culinary experiences.
The prices of the dishes here are quite reasonable, suitable for students and young people. Although the shop spaces are not large, they ensure a cool and clean atmosphere. To Tich Street is truly an ideal place to enjoy delicious and refreshing desserts with friends or family.
4.3. Trang Tien Ice Cream
Trang Tien Ice Cream, one of the oldest and most famous ice cream shops in the Hoan Kiem Lake area, has become an essential stop for food lovers exploring Hanoi’s cuisine. It leaves a strong impression with its cold, delicious ice creams that carry the traditional flavors of Hanoi.
Customers can freely choose from a variety of signature ice cream flavors like vanilla, coconut milk, and green bean, catering to various tastes and preferences. Holding an ice cream in hand while strolling around Hoan Kiem Lake has become an unforgettable experience, creating beautiful memories for many visitors. Trang Tien Ice Cream is not just a snack but also an inseparable part of Hanoi’s culinary culture, attracting both locals and international tourists.
Address: 35 Trang Tien, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi
Price: 5,000 – 9,000 VND per stick
4.4. Old Quarter Coffee Shop 11 Hang Gai
Hidden deep in a small alley on Hang Gai Street, the Old Quarter Coffee Shop 11 offers customers a sense of entering a world completely separate from the hustle and bustle of the Old Quarter. To reach here, visitors must navigate winding alleys and climb old stairs, making for an interesting discovery journey.
Upon entering, you will immediately feel the nostalgic atmosphere with rustic wooden tables and chairs, antique wall paintings, and shimmering lanterns, all blending together to create a cozy and intimate space.
From the elevated position of the café, customers can enjoy a panoramic view of the poetic Hoan Kiem Lake and the bustling ancient streets, making it an ideal spot to relax and enjoy the fresh air of Hanoi.
The Old Quarter Coffee Shop 11 is also famous for its unique egg coffee. The combination of the rich taste of egg yolk and the mild bitterness of coffee creates an unforgettable flavor, captivating even the most discerning food lovers.
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4.5. Thuy Ta Ice Cream
Alongside Trang Tien Ice Cream, Thuy Ta Ice Cream is known as one of the most famous ice cream brands in Hanoi. Since its establishment in 1954, Thuy Ta Ice Cream has become an essential part of the memories of Hanoi’s residents.
This stop not only attracts locals but is also a favorite choice for visitors when they visit the Hoan Kiem Lake area. With its distinctive flavor and long-standing tradition, Thuy Ta Ice Cream has won the hearts of millions, maintaining its position in the culinary scene of the thousand-year-old city.
4.6. Bun Cha Hang Quat
Bun Cha is a must-try specialty when visiting Hoan Kiem Lake, Hanoi. Located at the alley at the beginning of Hang Quat Street, this long-standing bun cha shop has won over customers with hearty portions of grilled meat with crispy edges and perfectly seasoned dipping sauce.
The ingredients used to prepare bun cha are selected fresh daily, ensuring peace of mind for customers while enjoying their meal. Not only does it stand out with its appealing flavors, but bun cha is also an affordable dish that appeals to many, from locals to tourists, adding to the rich culinary experiences in Hanoi.
Address: Alley 74 Hang Quat, Hoan Kiem District, Hanoi
Price: 40,000 – 90,000 VND per serving
5. Useful tips for visiting Hoan Kiem lake, helpful tips for tourists
To have the best sightseeing experience when visiting Hoan Kiem Lake, tourists should keep in mind the following useful tips:
- Walking is the ideal way to explore the sights around Hoan Kiem Lake, as the distances between locations are not too far.
- If you want to experience a cyclo ride, be sure to inquire about the route and the price with the driver beforehand to avoid being overcharged.
- Around Hoan Kiem Lake, especially at Dong Xuan Market and the surrounding old streets, there are many shops selling various goods. Visitors can purchase souvenirs such as handicrafts, Hanoi’s Com Cake, or dried fruits.
- According to travel tips for Hanoi, the best time to shop is in the afternoon when it is easier to ask for prices. Shops tend to be less friendly to customers who inquire without buying anything in the morning.
- For convenience, it’s recommended to choose a hotel near Hoan Kiem Lake or in the Old Quarter. In particular, booking a room in advance, a few weeks to a month ahead of time, especially during peak seasons, is advisable to avoid the risk of rooms being fully booked.
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Hoan Kiem Lake is not only a cultural and historical symbol of Hanoi but also a place that preserves the precious memories of its people. The beauty and value of the lake are closely connected with the national identity, creating a sense of pride for every person in Hanoi. Be sure to visit and experience this remarkable place.
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